A preliminary study in adults with insomnia concluded that using melatonin for at least one year is associated with an increased risk of heart failure, hospitalization for this condition, and death from any cause over the following five years.
The analysis, which included 130,828 adults, found that those with a documented history of long-term melatonin use faced a 90% higher risk of heart failure compared to the control group—4.6% versus 2.7%. Furthermore, they were nearly 3.5 times more likely to be hospitalized for this condition, according to a report by the website Science Alert on October 23.
During the five-year follow-up period, 7.8% of participants with records of long-term melatonin use died from any cause, compared to 4.3% in the comparison group. The findings were presented in November 2025 during the American Heart Association’s scientific sessions.
The researchers caution that these results do not demonstrate a cause-and-effect relationship and that further studies are needed to evaluate the cardiovascular safety of the supplement. Among the limitations, they noted that melatonin use was determined based on medical records; consequently, some individuals who purchased melatonin over the counter may have been classified into the comparison group.
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